RESUMO
Microsurgical techniques have been developed for decompression of neurovascular formations of the vertebral canal in lumbar osteochondrosis. Surgical policy has been proposed in relation to the site of hernial prolapse by the disk diameter. The use of this policy provides the minimal traumatism of surgical interventions in posterolateral hernias in particular.
Assuntos
Vértebras Lombares , Microcirurgia/métodos , Síndromes de Compressão Nervosa/cirurgia , Osteocondrite/cirurgia , Canal Medular/irrigação sanguínea , HumanosRESUMO
Presented are results of gas bubbles monitoring in decompressed humans with the use of an ultrasonic pulse-Doppler locator (PDL). Unlike the classic Doppler bubbles detectors with continuous US emission, PDL is adjusted for reception of echo from a chosen volume of the right ventricle cavity; thus, the clutter due to cardiac beats and human locomotion is successfully rejected. During simulation of Russian EVAs, venous gas bubbles were detected in 3 out of 5 experiments with test-subjects clothed in everyday wear and in 2 out of 3 experiments with suited test-subjects.
Assuntos
Doença da Descompressão/diagnóstico por imagem , Atividade Extraespaçonave/fisiologia , Trajes Espaciais , Ultrassonografia Doppler de Pulso/métodos , Adulto , Descompressão/estatística & dados numéricos , Doença da Descompressão/sangue , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto , Humanos , Masculino , Monitorização Fisiológica/instrumentação , Monitorização Fisiológica/métodos , Monitorização Fisiológica/estatística & dados numéricos , Federação Russa , Simulação de Ambiente Espacial/instrumentação , Simulação de Ambiente Espacial/métodos , Simulação de Ambiente Espacial/estatística & dados numéricos , Fatores de Tempo , Ultrassonografia Doppler de Pulso/instrumentação , Ultrassonografia Doppler de Pulso/estatística & dados numéricos , VácuoRESUMO
This paper presents results of examining respiration and circulation parameters of healthy volunteers pedalling a bicycle ergometer at different degrees of inspiratory-expiratory resistance. In this situation the performance-limiting factor is an increased load on respiratory muscles. An additional signal of performance problems is respiratory discomfort. The paper gives a formula for predicting maximally allowable workloads in response to increased respiration resistance.
Assuntos
Resistência das Vias Respiratórias , Exercício Físico , Coração/fisiologia , Respiração , Adaptação Fisiológica , Adulto , Teste de Esforço , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Modelos Biológicos , Músculos Respiratórios/fisiologiaRESUMO
Respiratory responses to external resistive resistance are discussed, having in view data in the literature and experimental results obtained by the present authors. The adverse changes induced by this factor during muscle work are described with special emphasis on performance deterioration. Some considerations are presented which are related to the physiological implications of the maximal allowable values of respiratory resistance produced by the breathing system upon workloads of various intensity and duration.
Assuntos
Resistência das Vias Respiratórias , Respiração , Músculos Respiratórios/fisiologia , Avaliação da Capacidade de Trabalho , Humanos , Modelos Biológicos , Testes de Função RespiratóriaRESUMO
The parameters characterizing lung ventilation and electrical activity of expiratory muscles were investigated in six healthy young men exposed to the positive intrapulmonary pressure 20, 30 or 40 mm Hg. Gas mixtures with a varying oxygen content were used. The effect of two compensatory devices that applied different counterpressures to the body surface was evaluated. It was found that the parameter that can best characterize the respiratory function in the case of a positive intrapulmonary pressure is electrical activity of expiratory muscles. The hypoxic effect makes no important contribution to the change of respiratory parameters during short-term exposures to the positive intrapulmonary pressure 20, 30 or 40 mm Hg. The different methods of applying compensation do not influence changes in the above respiratory parameters.